Combining Waste PET-MIL-101(Fe) and Cellulose Acetate Polymeric Membrane for the Preconcentration and Extraction of Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Water Samples

A MIL-101(Fe) based polymer membrane was successfully synthesized and applied for the preconcentration and quantification of neonicotinoid insecticides (NIs) in water samples using direct immersion-thin film microextraction method (DI-TFME). The selected NIs were detected and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The parameters affecting the extraction effeciency of the method and preconcentration processes, such as pH, sonication time, elution time, and eluent volume, were optimized using central composite design. At optimum experimental conditions, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ) and linearity obtained were 0.013-0.016 µg/L, 0.043-0.053 µg/L and 0.04-500 µg/L, respectively. The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were 1.2-2.7% and 3.3-3.9%, respectively. The enrichment factors were 73, 74, 75 and 88 for clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam, respectively. The method was finally employed for determination of selected neonicotinoid insecticides in real water samples.